Lifelong Eye Health
by Dr. Robert W. Daly
Many eye-related problems have become well known. Most people have heard the terms cataract, glaucoma, and macular degeneration to name a few. It is a fact of life that these conditions, along with several others become more common as we age. Today's active, involved seniors want to know what to expect and how they can prevent and treat eye problems. In this way they have the best chance of maintaining lifelong good vision.
Some of the more common changes that may occur with aging are discussed below.
Eyelids
The skin and tissues of the eyelids change significantly with age. The upper lid can droop (ptosis) or overhang with loose skin (dermatochalasis). The lower lid can turn in (entropion) or out (ectropion) causing chronic eye irritation. Also, skin cancers associated with sun exposure, such as basal cell and squamous cell cancer, occur frequently near the eye and are much more common with age. Modern oculoplastic surgical techniques can be used to treat any of these problems safely and effectively.
Cataract
The clouding of the natural lens of the eye is called a cataract. It is said that anyone who lives “long enough” will develop cataracts. Therefore, as our population becomes older and healthier the need for cataract treatment will only increase. Our ultimate goal is to prevent cataracts and much research is being done in this regard. The regular use of sunglasses and antioxidant vitamins may help. However, the best treatment at the moment is modern cataract surgery. Current methods of sutureless, small incision surgery with foldable implants make the procedure fast, safe and effective for almost every patient. In addition, the surgery is virtually pain free with very rapid recovery.
Glaucoma
Damage to the optic nerve associated with intraocular pressure is our current definition of glaucoma. As the year 2000 approaches, we have more to offer the glaucoma patient than ever before. Exciting new diagnostic methods, medications and surgical therapies are becoming available literally every day. Our greatest problem remains finding everyone with glaucoma. It remains the silent "sneak-thief" of sight that can only be diagnosed by regular eye examinations. If it is discovered in time, vision can almost always be preserved and protected.
Macular Degeneration
This degenerative retinal condition remains the greatest frustration for doctors and patients. However, after many years without progress in the treatment of this disease, some recent discoveries give a glimmer of hope. Bold new research in genetics, dietary therapy, laser treatment and surgical repair make ophthalmologists hopeful that in our lifetime we may be able to help patients with this frustrating condition in a meaningful way.
The progress in eye care during the 20th century was nothing short of astounding. Modern therapy for cataracts, glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy has saved millions of people from blindness. We can all be confident that the 21st century will be no less exciting and successful in the treatment of eye problems.